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First published online on July 18, 2008
Chest, doi:10.1378/chest.08-0443
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Increased expression of CD16, CD69 and VLA-1 on blood monocytes in active sarcoidosis.

Michiel Heron, MSc; Jan C. Grutters, MD, PhD; Heleen van Velzen-Blad, MSc; Marcel Veltkamp, MD; Anke M. E. Claessen, PhD and Jules M. M. van den Bosch, MD, PhD, FCCP

1Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands

j.grutters{at}antonius.net

Abstract

BackgroundDifferent types of immune cells are involved in the formation of granulomas, a hallmark of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Proinflammatory monocytes are activated circulating monocytes thought to be related to the initial events of granuloma formation. We tested the hypothesis that peripheral blood monocytes in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis have an activated phenotype, and secondly, that measuring this activation status can provide a new tool for monitoring disease activity.

MethodsBlood was collected of 23 steroid naive patients presenting with pulmonary sarcoidosis and 10 healthy controls. Expression of CD16 (Fc-{gamma} type III receptor), CD69 (a general activation marker of cells of the haematopoietic lineage), and the integrin VLA-1 (upon interaction with ECM compounds, mediates cell adhesion) was measured by flow cytometry.

ResultsPercentages of monocytes expressing CD16, CD69 and VLA-1 in patients versus controls were 54.6 +/– 4.2 versus 12.2 +/– 2.4 (p < 0.0001), 84.5 +/– 3.4 versus 8.6 +/– 3.3 (p < 0.0001) and 64.0 +/– 4.3 versus 11.2 +/– 2.3 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Moreover, the CD69+VLA-1+ monocyte subset, abundantly present at disease presentation, was found to decrease to normal levels during follow-up with disease remission.

ConclusionsPeripheral blood monocytes from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis show a highly activated phenotype. Phenotyping circulating monocytes might be a promising tool for monitoring sarcoidosis disease activity but needs further investigation.

Key Words: flow cytometry • monocyte activation • sarcoidosis • surface molecules






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