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1 Statistician, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Respiratory Diseases, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
2 Chief, Statistical Branch, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Respiratory Diseases, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
3 Professor Emeritus, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania
4 Professor and Head, Department of Radiology, University of Maryland
5 Director, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Respiratory Diseases, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health; and Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, West Virginia University
Progression of pneumoconiosis can be determined in life only by comparing chest roentgenograms taken at appropriate intervals. Two methods exist for comparing the radiographs: (1) by placing the films side-by-side with the dates on which the examinations were made known to the interpreter; and (2) by interpreting each film independently in the absence of any knowledge of either the appearance or category of the other film of the pair. We determined progression rates using both methods in 381 working coal miners who had had two chest roentgenographic examinations made at an interval of approximately five years. Statistical analyses of the results obtained by the two methods showed that, while the side-by-side method was less variable, its use resulted in a significantly higher progression rate. The independent method was more variable, but less biased. Both methods demonstrated geographic variation in progression for different regions; West Virginia miners showed the most rapid progression. At present, and mainly for reasons of practicality, the side-by-side method is to be preferred.
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